"公共利益"问题话要

随着我国宪法对公共利益的明确提出,法律化、规范化公共利益成为迫在眉睫的工作.公共利益就其源头来讲应源于一种区别于个人利益的群体利益的产生,这种利益是群体意识的一种体现.随着私有制建立、国家产生,才产生了真正意义上的公共利益.伴随着现代民族国家的建立,来自于民众的公共意见成为国家是否具有合法性的决定因素.公共利益的特点和现今社会的历史背景决定了公益问题在法律研究中占有很特殊的地位,现在仍局限在理论层面的讨论,只有"公益"理论日渐完善,才能与实践良好地结合,最终成为维护法律秩序良性运行的有力手段之一.     

转型社会的政治决策：期权博弈与公平均衡解释

在转型社会中,政治决策是拥有主要政治权力的行政主体,与反映主要群体利益的社会主体之间的博弈均衡。现实的各种政治后果可以从考虑期权价值的延迟均衡和抢先均衡来说明,也可以表现为考虑心理动机的“公平均衡”。在如同海峡两岸博弈这样复杂的均衡组合中,作者推论存在可以称为“虚妄公平”的均衡概念。转型社会的各个主体因此必须寻求“真实公平”策略选择,才能实现真正公平的政治决策目标。     

巨额财产来源不明罪的博弈分析

巨额财产来源不明罪这一罪名自设立之日起,就在刑法理论界和司法实践中引起了广泛的争议,本文试图运用博弈论这一数学方法为工具,通过比较相关当事人的收益在有无该罪名时的变化,分析研究该罪名怎样影响他们最终的决定,结果表明,虽然巨额财产来源不明罪对贪污腐败分子有一定的威慑作用,对反腐倡廉有一定的司法救济作用,但总体来看,由于该罪名客观上减少了司法机关取证的激励,增大了潜在的腐败分子的期望收益,与最初的立法宗旨背道而驰,因此该罪名的设立是弊大于利。     

Social Utility in Ultimatum Bargaining

In this article we will provide an overview of factors that influence the weight that self-interest and equity related motives receive in ultimatum bargaining. These factors are grouped into three main categories: factors relating to the context of the game, factors relating to the parties involved, and factors related to characteristics of the game. Results of the studies are discussed in relation to the concept of social utility. The authors point out possible omissions in the literature—especially the lack of interest for the behavior of recipients—and recommend directions for future research.     

论“碳政治”博弈的国际法治理

围绕哥本哈根国际法进程而展开的碳政治博弈,因《哥本哈根协议》的无约束力而造成零和博弈的结果,也使未来国际法进程面临＂双轨＂抑或＂三轨＂并进的机制选择,同时,气候变化的国际法治理仍将针对＂共同但有区别责任＂的适用而展开,国际社会如能经由＂人类共同关切事项＂明确＂共同责任＂的内涵,通过实质性公平原则而认同＂区别责任＂的要旨,推动《哥本哈根协议》的落实和发展,将在＂霸权缺失＂下的＂碳政治＂博弈中,以＂软法＂特有的张力和灵活性,维护＂共同但有区别的责任＂的国际法地位,并弥合各方分歧,促进＂为今世后代保护全球气候＂的可持续发展目标的实现。     

浅谈刑事录像构图

摄像构图是使主题思想和创作意图形象化,可视化的过程,是依靠一系列造型手段,并通过摄像机的取景框以构成画面造型上的表现形式。熟练掌握摄影构图是提高刑事录像水平的关键,因此,我们有必要来探讨一下摄像构图的特点、动态构图的表现形式以及刑事录像构图的操作技巧。     

论刑事赔偿对刑事诉讼的救济

阐述刑事赔偿对刑事诉讼进行救济的科学内涵,阐明刑事赔偿救济刑事诉讼的具体范畴,并对刑事赔偿救济刑事诉讼的责任免除作了阐述。认为刑事诉讼的动态平衡被打破符合刑事追诉的认识论规律,刑事赔偿是对刑事诉讼进行救济的重要途径。指出被追诉人合法权益遭受侵害是刑事诉讼动态平衡被打破的标志,对遭受侵害的合法权益本身进行救济,实质是对动态平衡被破坏的刑事诉讼程序的间接的救济。刑事赔偿救济刑事诉讼的范畴包括侵犯人身自由权的救济、侵犯生命健康权的救济以及侵犯财产权的救济等。     

我国法院调解制度的博弈分析--再论调审分离

法院调解中双方当事人之间的讨价还价过程可以被模型化为一个不完全信息动态博弈,运用博弈理论分别考察在调审分离与调审合一两种情况下双方当事人的和解情况,可以得出调审分离更有利于提高调解的成功率的结论.此外,要提高和解的成功率,不但相关事实的查明是必要的,而且法院也不应该按同一个标准收费.     

The decision to leave an abusive relationship: The testing of an alternative methodological approach

Most studies that consider the factors influencing the decision to leave an abusive relationship rely on retrospective, self-report data. In addition to the biased samples that are frequently obtained in such investigations, the methodological shortcomings of survey research limit its explanatory power, particularly when applied to such sensitive topics as family violence. This report introduces an alternative method for studying the decision to leave an abusive relationship. Forty-five men and 68 women were studied using an experimental computer game of an abuse-like relationship. The tendency to leave this relationship was measured under four differing conditions of severity and frequency of abuse. A logit analysis revealed that the frequency of abuse was more consequential to women's decisions to leave, while severity of abuse was more salient for men. In addition, the hypothesized model, including frequency of abuse, severity of abuse, and locus of control, fits well for women but not for men. The implications of these findings, as well as the validity and future application of experimental games, are discussed.